small phonology and romanization system
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Openmid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | ä |
| - | bilabial | labiodental | alveolar | retroflex | palatal | velar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nasal | m (mʲ) | n (nʲ) | ɲ | |||
| stop | p b | t | k g | |||
| Sib. Affricate | ʦ | |||||
| Sib. Fricative | s | ɕ | ||||
| Non. Affricate | f v | |||||
| Approximant | ɻ | j | ||||
| Tap/Flap | ɽ | |||||
| Trill | ʙ | r |
Vowel Harmony (Also is grammatical gender): (i/ɛ) (u/ɔ/ä)
Unlike Volpanian, Catus retained its case system
| name | front | back |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | / | / |
| accusative | -ti | -tsu |
| dative | -fi | -fu |
| genitive | -giɛ | -guɔ |
| locative | -ʙfɛ | -ʙfɔ |
| instrumental | -ɕnɛ | -ɕnɔ |
Here is the verb conjugation system
| Mood | Tense | Front | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | Past | -bɛn | -bän |
| Present | -bi | -bu | |
| Future | -bili | -bulun | |
| Gerund | Present | -tpɛ | -tpä |
| Imperative | Present | -bgɛ | -bgä |
Sample text:
Once upon a time there was a frozen forest.
vrìmigiɛ kɛ’giɛfivi vätpägɔbä’n kɔ’ ɻvä’ɲä kbɔ’bɔguɔ
Basic Vocabulary
| English | Catus (IPA) |
|---|---|
| I | ju |
| you (singular) | ɕi |
| he/she/it | vi |
| we | nu |
| you (plural) | ri |
| they | rivi |
| this | kɲɛfɛ |
| that | mnou |
| here | ɕämsä |
| there | ɕimsi |
| who | ɕmäo |
| what | ɕvɔʦu |
| where | ʙfɔ |
| when | gpɔtä |
| how | ɕnäbu |
| not | srä |
| all | ʙbɔ |
| many | rsu |
| some | kvägɔ |
| few | ɕɻägu |
| other | ɕnä |
| one | ɕʙäkɔ |
| two | ntɔʦu |
| three | ɕmɛrɛ |
| four | ɕɽägɔ |
| five | ɽɽutä |
| big | vrimi |
| long | mvɛfɛ |
| wide | bgäbä |
| thick | brbɔʦu |
| heavy | nʙägu |
| small | kvɔtä |
| short | kmäku |
| narrow | ɕʙäbu |
| thin/sublime | ɲɕugɔ |
| woman | tbutä |
| man | bgɔʦu |
| human | ntɔɕɔ |
| child | vnufu |
| wife | ɻgi |
| husband | ɻɕunɔ |
| mother | tbimɛ |
| father | ɲkɔʦu |
| animal | fbä |
| fish | rʦu |
| bird | gtigɛ |
| dog/wolf | ggivɛ |
| louse | ɕnäsä |
| snake | ffɔ |
| worm | rsutɔ |
| tree | ɕä |
| forest | ɻväɲä |
| stick | pɔʙu |
| fruit | ɽgɔʦu |
| seed | tɔbɔ |
| leaf | jɕɔʦu |
| root | fsutä |
| tree bark | pɔʙuku |
| flower | gnuʦu |
| grass | ɕɻi |
| rope | ɲäbu |
| skin | nʲɲäɲä |
| meat | nʲɕupu |
| blood | nrukɔ |
| bone | gpɔtä |
| fat (noun) | vpi |
| egg | bpɔ |
| horn | knɔbɔ |
| tail | nnɔ |
| feather | gɕutä |
| hair | tʙɔtä |
| head | ɲmi |
| ear | fɕutä |
| eye | kbɔtä |
| nose | tɕɛbi |
| mouth | fpäbu |
| tooth | fsägɔ |
| tongue | fɕu |
| fingernail | vfutä |
| foot | ʙsä |
| leg | ɽɽägu |
| knee | rɲutɔ |
| hand | pɛʙiki |
| wing | ɲväɲä |
| belly | gpätɔ |
| guts | tnuɕu |
| neck | psuɕɔ |
| back | sgi |
| breast | ɻɕiki |
| heart | ɕnɔɲɔ |
| liver | gvɔʦu |
| to be | tpägɔ |
| to have | ɕguɽɔ |
| to do | ɻɻäku |
| to win | ɻbumu |
| to drink | präsä |
| to eat | btɔ |
| to jump | vtɔ |
| to bite | vrɛ |
| to suck | ɲrätɔ |
| to spit | ɕrɛ |
| to vomit | sʙunɔ |
| to blow | ʙnɛ |
| to breathe | sru |
| to laugh | gɔ |
| to see | ɲgäku |
| to hear | fvä |
| to know | nʦugɔ |
| to think | pfɔpɔ |
| to smell | pɔtä |
| to fear | fɽukɔ |
| to sleep | ɽätɔ |
| to live | vviʙɛ |
| to die | ɕmumu |
| to kill | kɕi |
| to fight | ɽnä |
| to hunt | ɲɛ |
| to hit | brumu |
| to cut | nrutä |
| to split | gkä |
| to stab | nbɔbɔ |
| to scratch | fʙɔʦu |
| to dig | nfi |
| to swim | ɽpi |
| to fly | ɕfä |
| to walk | ɻpɔtä |
| to come | ɲɲäsä |
| to lie down | mɻɔtä |
| to sit | jɕɔtä |
| to stand | pvɛri |
| to turn | nʲɕɛɽi |
| to fall | pʦutɔ |
| to give | ɕɔtä |
| to hold | fʦu |
| to squeeze | pmɔpɔ |
| to rub | nkɔʦu |
| to wash | pnɔ |
| to be able | ʙɕɛmɛ |
| to pull | sʙiʙɛ |
| to push | fsɔtä |
| to throw | pgɛʙi |
| to tie | ʙɛbi |
| to sew | ɻbutä |
| to count | rvɛbi |
| to say/talk | rvägɔ |
| to sing | rrɔtä |
| to play | ʦɔʦu |
| to float | ɽsä |
| to flow | gɕägu |
| to freeze | mtigi |
| to swell | frä |
| sun | nru |
| moon | ɲsurɔ |
| star | ɻgä |
| water | mɻɔnɔ |
| rain | ɻfäbu |
| river | mgä |
| lake | ksɔʦu |
| sea | ɲu |
| salt | ɽpäsä |
| stone | kʙu |
| sand | rɻätɔ |
| dust | ʙɻä |
| earth | ɕfäbu |
| cloud | ʙɕäbä |
| fog | mfunɔ |
| sky | ɕbɔbɔ |
| wind | ɲvɔ |
| snow | bʙiʙɛ |
| ice | ggɛʙɛ |
| smoke | tgäsä |
| fire | mmunɔ |
| ash | fbivɛ |
| to burn | vʙigi |
| road | mʲɲuʙu |
| mountain | mnɛʙɛ |
| red | ɽsugɔ |
| green | kvɔʦu |
| yellow | ɽmi |
| white | pnutä |
| black | ɕɕi |
| night | fpu |
| day | ɕtukɔ |
| year | ɽtäku |
| warm | ɲvägɔ |
| cold | kbɔbɔ |
| full | tɽɛ |
| new | nʲɕɛʙɛ |
| old | kɛ |
| good | pmiti |
| bad | bfimɛ |
| rotten | sbugu |
| dirt | svägu |
| straight | mʲɲɔʦu |
| round | btɔtä |
| sharp | ʙɻɛ |
| dull (flat) | ɕäsä |
| smooth | srutä |
| wet | bfäbä |
| dry | ɕfɔɕɔ |
| correct | ɲnutä |
| near | ɽɽä |
| far | mɽiti |
| right | ɲmɔtä |
| left | rɲutä |
| at | fɻɛgɛ |
| in | ɽɽägu |
| with | sɛri |
| and | fpuʦu |
| if | nɻikɛ |
| because | bɽumu |
| name | ɕbu |
| narrative | ɻri |
| heritage | ɻsä |
| civilization | ɻsɔ |
| ancestry | ɻtirɛ |
| monarchy | ɻuʦu |
| dynasty | ɻägɔ |
| revolution | ɻɻäu |
| empire | ɻɻä |
| emperor | ɻɕɔʦu |
| treaty | ɻɕivɛ |
| document | ɻʙu |
| colony | ɻʙɔ |
| to conquer | ɕbä |
| to explore | ɕbɛɽi |
| to rule | ɕku |
| to write | ɕkä |
| nomad | ɕnä |
| republic | ɕpɔ |
| constitution | ɕpɔnɔ |
| aristocracy | ɕukɔ |
| progress | ɕvu |
| kingdom | ɕägu |
| king | ɕäsä |
| queen | ɕʙɔ |
| to annex | ɕʙɔ |
| nation | ɲgäɲä |
| to rebel | ɲku |
| to conscript | ɲnu |
| fox | ɲru |
| cat | ɲräku |
| feline | ɲäɲä |
| to lose | ɲɻu |
| to siege | ɲɻutä |
| region | ɲɽɔ |
| god | ɽbɔtä |
| religion | ɽfɔ |
| palace | ɽɽuɕu |
| orange | ɽɽi |
| to camp | ɕbä |
| fort | ɕbäkɔ |
| army | ɕfɛkɛ |
| ɕirɛ | |
| city | ɕmu |
| vicar | vikär |
| president | ɕpɔgɔ ɕäsä |
| to build | ɲgifi |
| to unite | ɲkuku |
| north | |
| south | |
| east | |
| west | |
| block | bäɔ |
| birch | pnutäguɕä |
| oak | vrimiɕɛ |
| dark oak | ɕɕiguɔ vrimiɕɛ |
| acacia | ɽɽigjɛɕɛ |
| blue | vɻau |