Modern Standard Catus Vocabulary

[rsishbou katus nshee p'bogyuo]

phonology and romanization

Vowels Front Central Back
Close i (u) u
Openmid e o
Open ae a
Consonants of Catus
- bilabial labiodental alveolar palatal velar
nasal m n ny
stop p b t k g
Sib. Affricate ts
Sib. Fricative s sh
Non. Affricate f v
Approximant w y l
Tap/Flap r
Trill p' r'

l is a velarized dental/alveolar lateral approximant

all nasals and velar plosives palatalize (+ʲ) before i, central i and u

tapped and trilled r are phonemically distinct

labiovelar approximant w is pronounced between v and w

n is velarized before k, g, l

e and o are openmid, pronounced like bEd and nOt in RP english

Front-Central/Back Vowel Harmony, which corresponds to gender: (i/ɛ) (u/ɔ/ä)

the harmony is derived from the gender of the root word, then all affixes are shifted

i → (u) / u → i / ɛ → ɔ / ɔ → ae / a → ae

Catus Case System (suffixes)

name front back
nominative (-ki)/ (ku)/
accusative -ti -tou
dative -fi -fu
genitive -gyɛ -guɔ
locative -bfae -bfo
object complement (-wi)/ (-wu)/

Here is the verb conjugation system

MoodTenseFrontBack
IndicativePast-bæn-ban
Present-bi-bou
Future-bili-bilou
GerundPresent-shwɛ-tvo
ImperativeRegular-p'wae-p'va
Hon./Formal-wae-va
Impolite-pwae-p'va
ConditionalPast-pme- -baen--pmo- -ban-
Present-pme- -bi-pmo- -bu

Sample text:

"I can't jump"

"you sra yup'shobou vto"

Basic Vocabulary

EnglishCatusr'omanized
B
thickbbääbbaa
sweet/sugarbɛibei
cranberrybɛirræbeir'r'ae
to losebmɔubmou
to siegebmuäbmua
god, “great one”briɕääbr'ishaa
(1) to hit (precisely), to stab
(2) because of, due to
brɔubr'ou
to eatbtɔbto
roundbtɔäbtoa
(1) plate
(2) dish, serving
btɔtvɔbtotvo
(1) dinner
(2) second serving/dish
btɔtvɔfpɔubtotvofpou
B
allʙbɔp'bo
handʙʙiip'p'ii
sausageʙʙɨnɕɔup'p'unshou
snowʙʙjɛp'p'ye
(1) stick,
(2) tree bark, trunk, wood slab
ʙʙɔup'p'ou
cloudʙɕääp'shaa
to be ableʙɕɛɛp'shee
to tieʙɛip'ei
whereʙfɔp'fo
to blowʙnɛp'ne
eggʙɔp'o
(1) krill
(2) crustaceans in general
ʙɾɔp'ro
shrimpʙɾɔpnʲæp'ropnae
footʙsäp'sa
dustʙtäp'ta
sharpʙtɛp'te
wideʙvääp'vaa
manʙvääp'vaa
milkʙvɔäp'voa
to throwʙʋɛip'wei
ɕ
treeɕäsha
(1) flat, dullɕääshaa
(2) kingdom, kingɕääshaa
hereɕäfɲäshafnya
to conquerɕbäshba
whiteɕbäshba
skyɕbääshbaa
fortɕbäɔshbao
to exploreɕbɛishbei
name, brandɕbɔushbou
narrowɕʙääshp'aa
one, 1ɕʙäɔshp'ao
garlicɕʙɛshp'e
(1) queen
(2) to annex, to unite, to take
ɕʙɔshp'o
blackɕɕishshi
to flyɕfäshfa
(1) earth, ground
(2) world, earth
(3) dry
ɕfääshfaa
god, “one from the earth”ɕfäɕääshfashaa
blackɕfɛɛshfee
to haveɕgʲuɔshguo
2SGɕishi
thereɕifɲishifnyi
pig/porkɕiishii
redɕjɛshye
to writeɕkäshka
to ruleɕkʲushku
whoɕmäɔshmao
(1) to die
(2) city, town
ɕmʲushmu
(1) nomad
(2) homeless (slightly dispregiative)
(3) other, another, stranger
ɕnäshna
(1) how, in what way
(2) louse, pest, mite
(3) heart (figurative), honour, empathy
ɕnääshnaa
aristocracyɕɔsho
to giveɕɔäshoa
constitution, foundamentsɕpääshpaa
republicɕpɔshpo
to spit, disgust, to be disgustedɕrɛshr'e
four, 4ɕɾäɔshrao
fewɕtääshtaa
grassɕtishti
dayɕtɔshto
whatɕvääshvaa
god, “one from the sky”ɕvɔɕääshvoshaa
progressɕvushvu
to winɕwɔushwou
(1) woman (married), woman (grown)
(2) to sew, to make clothes
ɕwuäshwua
F
ashfbjɛfbye
to scratchfʙääfp'aa
tonguefɕɔufshou
earfɕuäfshua
wetffääffaa
badffjɛffye
snakeffɔffo
n. soup/stew brothffuffu
to holdfɫɔufɫou
fogfmɔfmo
mouthfpääfpaa
(1) night, darkness
(2) and, then
fpɔufpou
v. to swell
n. fast/rapid/speed
fräfr'a
v. to think, to elaborate, to calculate, to compute
n. thought/idea
frääfr'aa
fingernailfruäfr'ua
v. to fear
n. fear, trauma
fɾɔfro
to hearfväfva
atfʋɛɛfwee
I
andi/iii/ii
then, afterifif
nor (this nor that), not even, notinin
J
god, “my lord”jɨgɨɾbɔäpnäyugurboapna
1SGjɔuyou
K
duke/count/feudatarykämɔskamos
catuskätuskatus
to flowkɕääkshaa
to killkɕikshi
featherkɕuäkshua
oldke
to splitkkäkka
shortkmääkmaa
hornknääknaa
flowerknʲuknu
thiskɲɛɛknyee
to laughko
bellykpäɔkpao
whenkpɔäkpoa
bonekpɔäkpoa
icekrɛɛkr'ee
dogkrjɛkr'ye
lakeksääksaa
islandktiiktii
birdktjɛktye
n. liver, guts, digestive system
n. green
n. greenery, nature
n. cold, chill
kvääkvaa
a. somekväɔkvao
n. small, delicate
n. eye (organ), evil eye, vision, sight, face (sometimes)
kvɔäkvoa
stonekvɔukvou
M
rivermgämga
firemmʲuɔmmuo
thatmnäämnaa
mountainmnɛɛmnee
straightmɲäämnyaa
roadmɲɔumnyou
farmɾiimrii
longmʋɛɛmwee
N
to rubnäänaa
heavynʙäänp'aa
newnɕɛɛnshee
to turnnɕɛinshei
meatnɕɔunshou
1PL femalenʲini
1PL male/neutralnʲunu
to conscriptnnʲunnu
correctnnʲuännua
tailnnɔnno
bloodnrɔnr'o
sunnrɔunr'ou
to cutnruänr'ua
Ɲ
n. rope
n. feline, catus/volpanian
ɲäänyaa
thinɲɕɔnysho
to huntɲɛnye
v. to see, to know of
n. nation, country, peoples
ɲgäänygaa
to buildɲgʲænygae
cow/beefɲkäänykaa
fatherɲkäänykaa
to rebelɲkʲunyku
to uniteɲkʲunyku
headɲmʲinymi
rightɲmɔänymoa
skinɲɲäänynyaa
to comeɲɲäänynyaa
seaɲɔunyou
catɲräänyr'aa
to suckɲräɔnyr'ao
foxɲrɔunyr'ou
regionɲɾɔnyro
O
orɔo
P
n. human
n. two, 2
pmääpmaa
ifpmjɛpmye
to knowpmɔpmo
to squeezepnääpnaa
good/greatpnʲæpnae
whitepnʲuäpnua
to washpnɔpno
to stabpɲääpnyaa
to smellpɔäpoa
to drinkprääpr'aa
to fallptɔpto
to standpʋɛipwei
n. fatpʋipwi
R
nearr'a
legräär'aa
leafrɕäär'shaa
to sitrɕɔär'shoa
p. 2PL female
n. orange (color)
rir'i
kneerɲɔr'nyo
leftrɲuär'nyua
berryrrär'r'a
inrräär'r'aa
strawberryrräɕjɛr'r'ashye
raspberryrrärsɔur'r'ar'sou
v. to sing
v. to gossip, to talk in a shallow way
rrɔär'r'oa
wormrsɔr'so
many, much, a lot ofrsɔur'sou
sandrtäɔr'tao
fishrtɔur'tou
toothfishrtuɕfɛɛr'tushfee
bassrtukväär'tukvaa
codrtuɾmʲir'turmi
ɾ
to sleepɾäɔrao
godɾbɔärboa
religionɾfɔrfo
fruitɾgäärgaa
onionɾgäänʙäärgaanp'aa
yellowɾmʲirmi
v. to fight
n. aggressive/violent
ɾnärna
palaceɾɔurou
saltɾpäärpaa
to swimɾpirpi
to floatɾsärsa
redɾsɔrso
yearɾtäärtaa
five, 5ɾuärua
S
rottensbɔusbou
to pullsʙjɛsp'ye
to vomitsʙɔsp'o
to heal, to curesɛɛsee
c. with (instrumental),
c. with (union, company)
sɛisei
backsgʲisgi
Three, 3smɛɛsmee
wingsnääsnaa
warmsnäɔsnao
windsnɔsno
moonsɲɔsnyo
notsräsr'a
to breathesrɔusr'ou
smoothsruäsr'ua
dirtysʋääswaa
toothsʋäɔswao
necksʋɔswo
to pushsʋɔäswoa
rootsʋuäswua
carrotsʋwäknäswwakna
T
seedtäätaa
dynastytäɔtao
colonytʙɔtp'o
hairtʙɔätp'oa
documenttʙɔutp'ou
emperortɕäätshaa
nosetɕɛitshei
breasttɕiitshii
treatytɕjɛtshye
husbandtɕɔtsho
raintfäätfaa
startgätga
smoketgäätgaa
wifetgʲitgi
watertmäätmaa
to freezetmiitmii
parttmʲitmi
to lie downtmɔätmoa
teatmɔpnʲitmopni
gutstnʲutnu
but, altoughto
monarchytɔutou
narrativetritr'i
fulltɾɛtre
heritagetsätsa
to playtsäätsaa
civilizationtsɔtso
v. revolution, rebellion
v. to revolt, to rebel
n. empire
ttätta
to dottäättaa
ancestryttjɛttye
deer/raindeertutu
antlerstuknäätuknaa
foresttväätvaa
to betväɔtvao
mothertvjɛtvye
to walktvɔätvoa
V
to burnvʙiivp'ii
to roast-vʙii- ɕfäägʲɨɔ-vp'ii- shfaaguo
to digvmivmi
childvnʲuvnu
to sayvräɔvr'ao
to bitevrɛvr'e
to countvrɛivr'ei
3PLvrivr'i
bigvriivr'ii
to jumpvtɔvto
to livevvjɛvvye
ʋ
3SGʋiwi